Author Archives: Brady B.

Book Review: Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut

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Recently, I created a bucket list of books that were previously or currently banned in some capacity that I wanted to read, and one book that particularly stood out to me was Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut. Known for his absurdist writing style, Vonnegut’s work never fails to be humorous and meaningful at the same time.

This book has no specific sense of time, a break from the typical writing style seen in most novels. The book begins with Vonnegut describing his personal connection to the book and his thought process in writing it. Having witnessed the Second World War and its brutality firsthand, there definitely is an anti-war aspect to the book. The story frequently jumps between time periods, as the book’s main character, Billy Pilgrim, becomes “unstuck in time” and “time travels” through what can be implied to be flashbacks and flash-forwards.

The book attempts to explain Billy’s warped sense of time, but also his understanding of life and death, as a result of his contact with an alien race known as the Traufamadorians. Billy “time travels” constantly between WWII and the post-war period, where he is supposedly at, with Vonnegut making it uncertain what time frame the book truly is set in. At the same time, Vonnegut introduces several narratives concerning the brutal and dehumanizing nature of war, including its random nature by killing off characters who were least expected to perish. In fact, part of the reason why the book was banned originally was because of its anti-war nature, with some citing it as “unpatriotic”. By creating these narratives, Vonnegut ultimately expresses a cynical sentiment concerning the cruelty of human nature.

SH5 is one example of Vonnegut’s incredible talent for world-building; while every event seems random or out of place in the context of where it is placed, everything fits together, albeit haphazardly. This book is full of surprises, and I really enjoyed this wild roller-coaster ride of a book that simultaneously managed to be full of significance and meaning, despite the author’s intention for many things to be meaningless. Ultimately, this intention is a paradox in itself. I’d recommend this book for anybody looking for a unique read, or just anybody who wants to read an important piece of literary history in general.

Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut is available for checkout from the Mission Viejo Library. It can also be downloaded from Libby. 

Play Review: All My Sons by Arthur Miller

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My English teacher recently recommended that I listen to or read some modernist plays in preparation for the next unit, and needless to say, I didn’t regret it. I found the play very interesting and moving, and I found the play’s nuance and Miller’s masterful usage of tension especially significant to the play’s powerful nature.

Set during the post-WWII era, All My Sons follows the tale of the Keller family, consisting of Joe Keller, the head of the family, Chris Keller, Joe’s son, Kate Keller, Chris’s mother, as well as Larry Keller, who went missing during the war. While Joe and Chris both think that Larry is dead, and that Kate should move on, she refuses to, deciding instead to turn to superstition to keep her hope alive. Meanwhile, Joe also has a dark secret in his past. During the war, he and his partner were convicted of selling cracked cylinder heads to the air force, causing the deaths of 21 pilots. While Joe was acquitted of any charges, Steve, his partner, was jailed because of this.

After establishing the beginning conflicts in the play, Miller goes on to expand upon the fatal flaws of each individual characters, He establishes Joe’s unwillingness to talk about the crime, implying that he was the one who was actually guilty of it. Kate’s vehement denial of Larry’s death is made more apparent in late act 1 and act 2, as she sees random events, such as finding Larry’s baseball glove, as signs that he would come back. Finally, Chris reveals his idealism to Larry’s old fiance, Ann, whom he is dating.

I won’t spoil the rest of the play, but I think this is a play that is definitely worth listening to, watching, or just reading. Miller does a great job of highlighting the flaws and traits of every character in the book, and making that work with the overall story is no small feat. Miller’s worldbuilding and writing style in this novel characterizes a break from a typical Modernist style of writing; While using very relatable and realistic characters and a realistic premise, Miller ultimately alludes to the theme of pursuing the deeper meaning of life and the world. I would recommend this book for anybody who enjoys modernist works of literature, or just anybody who wants to watch a classic American play in general.

All My Sons by Arthur Miller is available to check out from the Mission Viejo Library.

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald

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Recently, after watching the movie, I began The Great Gatsby. Considered by many to be the “quintessential American novel,” The Great Gatsby was one of the great books of its generation. While I initially felt ambivalent towards the modernist genre of novel in general, This novel changed my mind; I found this book very interesting and relevant to today’s world.

The novel starts with an introduction from Nick Carraway, the main protagonist and the narrator of the story. Nick introduces the line that divides the two cities, East and West Egg, as well as the lower-middle class industrial area known as the Valley of Ashes that splits the two districts. Nick lives in East Egg, even though he has the connections and family wealth typically associated with the “Old-Money” class of West Egg. At the same time, Fitzgerald also introduces one of Nick’s old acquaintances, Tom Buchanan, a temperamental, dishonest character who used to be one of Nick’s classmates at Yale. Nick also introduces Tom’s wife, Daisy, who will later be important to the plot of the book.

Nick first meets Gatsby through one of his lavish parties, which he throws weekly at his large mansion in East Egg. It is revealed that Nick had served with Gatsby in the WW1, fitting of the post-war setting of the book during the Roaring ’20s. Nick finds Gatsby’s parties shallow and garish, reflecting the West Egg sentiment about East Egg. Nick later uncovers that Gatsby’s parties were a futile attempt to win back Daisy, with whom he was deeply in love.

As the story progresses, the rivalry between Gatsby and Tom deepens, and the reader is also introduced to the lesser-known, shadier side of Gatsby. Fitzgerald includes several references to prohibition-era legislation and politics, including references to bootlegging and the 1919 Black Sox gambling scandal, using the character of Meyer Wolfsheim, one of Gatsby’s shady contacts, as an allusion for Arnold Rothstein.

I won’t spoil the rest of this story, but this book is definitely a classic that is worth reading. I really like how Fitzgerald is able to make his message about the American Dream and his overall Modernist sentiments about the meaning of life very clear to the reader, allowing them to create their own interpretation of the novel. I would recommend this novel to anybody who is interested in reading about life during the Jazz Age, or in general, anybody hoping to add a new piece to the puzzle that is the American story.

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is available to check out from the Mission Viejo Library. It is also available to download for free from Libby.

Two Must-Have Books for Biology-Interested High Schoolers

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Over Christmas break, I will spend some extra time studying for USABO, or Biology Olympiad. Even though I am currently taking AP Biology, I quickly realized that AP Curriculums in most schools don’t completely cover the curriculum required for similar competitions for high-school students. After a little research and personal experience, I found the following list of books the most helpful:

Campbell Biology (Any edition after 8th)

This series of textbooks has historically been a must-have if you are studying for USABO or any similar biology-related competition. It is by far one of the most comprehensive and time-saving resources I have found. I currently have the 11th edition, which is not much different from the 10th or 12th editions content-wise. The price of a textbook from this series ranges from 60 dollars to a whopping 300 dollars (if you are considering buying a textbook). Still, many libraries offer this textbook, making it accessible if you would like to use it.

Anatomica: The Complete Home Medical Reference

This book is one of the most comprehensive human anatomy and physiology resources I’ve used. Although not for the faint of heart, with highly detailed diagrams of internal organs and organ systems, I found this book highly helpful for the human A&P class I am currently taking at school. Furthermore, the book contains some more information detailing diseases and disorders affecting each one of the body systems it covers, making this book useful for those who want to learn a bit about medicine.

Overall, if you really love biology or science classes in general, I would recommend both these books as a more comprehensive way to learn at a higher level about biology-related subjects!

Book Review: Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance by Angela Duckworth

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A friend in AP Psychology recently recommended I read this book, as another one of his classmates recommended it to him, and he really enjoyed it. Personally, I could say the same about my experience with this book, as it really gave me a new perspective on how the human mind works.

Grit starts off by introducing the theory of grit itself, by describing studies by psychologists on West Point candidates. The book starts off by describing the first grueling 6 weeks of what is known as “Beast”, an additional layer of selection that West Point uses to weed out candidates. The author starts by mentioning research done during the 1950s by an earlier psychiatrist who also turned out to be one of Duckworth’s professors during her time at university.

Later in the book, Duckworth goes on to explain the phenomenon of grit by taking a look at people from all walks of life; Whether it be students, business owners, CEOs, or teachers, Duckworth notes that of the people in these fields, the one with grit tend to be the most successful. In looking at a program called Teach for America, Duckworth discovered that the teachers who were grittier were generally more optimistic, which correlated with better student performance and academic gains.

I don’t want to spoil more about the other cases that Duckworth discusses in the book because she can definitely explain it better than I can. I really enjoyed this book because it was life-changing, serving as a more scientific and thorough approach to looking at grit and perseverance as part of the human psyche. I would recommend this book to anybody who is interested in the field of psychology, or anybody who wants to learn more about how their mind works in general.

Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance by Angela Duckworth is available to check out from the Mission Viejo Library. It is also available to download for free from Libby.

Book Review: The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne

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Recently, I began reading a multitude of books from the romantic and transcendentalist era for the English class at my school. While I initially came into the unit thinking that there would be nothing interesting about these 19th-century books written mostly by authors I’ve never heard of, save for Emerson and Poe, I was surprised by how interesting some of the other works were, including The Scarlet Letter, which the unit culminated in.

The Scarlet Letter gives the reader a vivid picture of early American society through the eyes of Hester Prynne, who is sentenced to wear a red “A” on her chest as a punishment for adultery after she had presumed her previous husband to be dead. The book begins with a visit from Hester’s husband, Roger Chillingworth, at the jail where Hester is being held. Chillingworth tells Hester about his quest for revenge, as well as his knowledge of the identity of the man whom Hester had an affair with. He then forces Hester to promise not to reveal who he is.

Fast-forward a couple of years. Hester’s child, Pearl, has grown, and Chillingworth’s quest for revenge continues. Although I am not going to reveal who the person ultimately is for the sake of not spoiling the story, Chillingworth begins to masquerade as a friend of the man whom Hester had an affair with and begins to psychologically torture him into confessing and exposing himself to the rest of the community.

Although I won’t spoil the rest of the story, I found this book very interesting because Hawthorne skillfully weaved references to romantic and transcendentalist ideas into the story, while still keeping it engaging. Also, for anybody interested in getting this book, I would recommend the Norton critical edition, as it includes the story itself as well as explanations for some archaic references or vocabulary that we would have a harder time getting. I would recommend this book to anybody interested in reading classic American novels, or novels from the romantic era in general.

The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne is available to check out from the Mission Viejo Library. It is also available to download for free from Libby.

Book Review – The Dark Forest by Liu Cixin

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A few months ago, I read The Three-Body Problem by Liu Cixin, and I found it a particularly impressive and riveting work of science fiction. So, I decided to read the second book in the series, which definitely met my expectations on a Liu Cixin work.

This book is the sequel to the Three Body Problem, so to understand the context and setting of this novel, one must have read the previous book. This book is situated under a pretext like the Three Body Problem, but this time focuses on humanity’s survival in the face of the Trisolarian invasion. This book mainly focuses on the efforts of the UN to find a way for humanity to survive, most notably through the Wallface project, granting several individuals great power. This was to counter the “Sophons” the Trisolarians used, a particle that disrupts advancements in physics, while at the same time communicating with Trisolaris via quantum entanglement, which is a theory in physics detailing a phenomenon where two subatomic particles can communicate with each other despite being separated by billions of lightyears of space.

This book was significantly interesting to me, as it is one of the more notable works in the hard science fiction genre of novels. “hard science fiction” defines any science fiction novel that puts an emphasis on scientific logic and realism. The Dark Forest, along with the rest of the Three-Body series, includes both of these things. More interestingly, the Dark Forest is based on a real scientific hypothesis, the “dark forest hypothesis”, which states that the universe contains intelligent alien life, but no advanced civilization would reveal themselves out of the fear of being attacked.

Overall, this was a great sequel to The Three-Body Problem, and I had a great time reading it. I would recommend this book and the corresponding series to anyone who is interested in physics, or anybody looking to read a science-fiction novel with a realistic depiction of scientific concepts.

The Dark Forest by Cixin Liu is available to download for free from Libby.

Prague, Czechia

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Prague Old Town Square; Image from Arch Journey, https://archjourney.org/projects/old-town-square/

Prague is a vibrant city in eastern Europe that has a wide range of unique experiences and sights like no other. Recently, as a part of a trip to Europe, I spent two days exploring what this city has to offer. Known as “The Golden City” or the “Heart of Europe” to some, this city was truly a unique experience.

Prague is famously known for its Old Town district, centered around a bustling market square with local produce and other products, as well as most famously, an intricate astronomical clock tower containing an intricate timepiece distinct to the city. Installed in 1410, this clock is the subject of a local legend. It is rumored that if the clock is neglected or stops running, the city will suffer. Keeping with this legend, the centuries-old clock is remarkably well-preserved and still runs perfectly, restored most recently in 2022.

Prague is also known for its architecture in the baroque style, as evident by the Charles bridge, which I visited on my second day in Prague. This city is known for its unique classic architecture, as I witnessed when I visited Prague Castle, a massive complex of historical buildings that includes the castle itself, as well as the St. Vitus Cathedral.

Overall, visiting Prague was a unique and wonderful experience, and I would definitely recommend visiting this city in a trip to Europe. The unique architecture, culture, and atmosphere is definitely something I have never seen in the United States before. Travelling the world outside of the U.S is definitely a great way to widen one’s understanding of the unique cultures and ways of living across the globe.

Image Sources:

Left: Charles Bridge, Sergey Ashmarin, 2007, Wikimedia Commons

Right: Prague Astronomical Clock, Steve Collis, 2012, Wikimedia Commons

Books about travel to Prague are available to download for free from Libby.

Book Review: Immune: A Journey into the Mysterious System That Keeps You Alive by Philipp Dettmer

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From the get-go, this book is a must-read for anybody who is interested in the field of biology, or anybody who wants to get to know how the system that keeps them alive works.

This work is divided into several sections, each explaining a specific part or aspect of the immune system. Dettmer first introduces the immune system and how it evolved from around 541 million years ago, when multicellular animal life suddenly exploded, causing bacteria and other microorganisms to become an existential threat, as they could use these ecosystems of organisms as free energy at the detriment of the former. As a result, some organisms such as sponges evolved what would be known as “humoral immunity”, or proteins that would float around and kill microorganisms that were not supposed to be in an animal’s body. This system ended up being so successful that evolution did not phase it out, and rather made it a crucial aspect of an organism’s immune defense.

The book then goes on to explain more aspects of the immune systems, such as different parts of it including the different cells that make it up, including macrophages and neutrophils, which are integral to the functioning of the immune system. After going over these two crucial parts of the immune system, Dettmer then goes on to talk about the process of inflammation and its causes in relation to the immune system.

Although it would be impossible for me to include every single one of this book’s many complex topics in this review, I think that this book was great, and made topics that would otherwise be complicated and tedious to read seem very interesting. The author of this book also has a very well-known science Youtube channel, Kurzgesagt, which I highly recommend checking out.

Immune: A Journey into the Mysterious System That Keeps You Alive by Philipp Dettmer is available to check out from the Mission Viejo Library.

Book Review: The Three-Body Problem by Liu Cixin

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A friend of mine recently recommended that I read this book, as he told me it was one of the best science-fiction novels he had ever read. This book is another foreign work I really enjoyed, and it served, in my opinion as a more modern version of War of the Worlds by H.G Wells.

Initially, the story starts in the past, during the Chinese Cultural Revolution during 1967. one of the protagonists, Ye Wenjie, sees the death of her father at the hands of the revolutionaries, and she gets sent to inner Mongolia as part of a labor brigade and later sentenced to prison. However, two military physicists from the government see an opportunity in her and recruit her to conduct secretive research in the Red Coast project, which was intended to develop technologies that could be used to damage spy satellites from rival countries, reminiscent of the Cold War era this part of the story is set in.

However, Wenjie later learns about the truth behind the project, and realizes that the project’s true intention is to attempt to communicate with extraterrestrial life. She inevitably finds evidence of an alien civilization, Trisolaris, and receives a message from a Trisolarian listener to not respond, as their civilization was constantly under the uncertainty that their planet may be engulfed by their sun. However, the specifics behind this is not revealed until much later in the novel.

Meanwhile, in the present, Wang Miao, a scientist in the field of nanotechnology, finds a game named “Three-Body”, played using virtual reality hardware known as V-suits. this game has the users go through a series of eras and challenges. However, a shocking truth is later discovered about the game, which I will not reveal.

Overall, this was a great book in my opinion, and I really liked how unlike a lot of the science-fiction novels I’ve read, a lot of the fictional work is grounded in reality, hence this book being under the genre of hard science-fiction. I really enjoyed reading this book, and I would recommend it to anybody who is interested in physics, or just anybody who just wants to read novel that actually requires a bit of thinking to get.

The Three-Body Problem by Cixin Liu is available to check out from the Mission Viejo Library. It is also available to download for free from Libby.